Old Reynella is a middle-ring metropolitan suburb of Adelaide, in Onkaparinga Council, where heritage listings sit alongside mixed commercial and residential development.
Shops and everyday services are easier to access than in most comparable places. Open-space access is better than in most comparable places, with park access 108% above the peer median. Green cover is an exceptional strength, well above typical levels for middle-ring metropolitan suburbs. Trade-offs centre on limited school access and higher rents, with school access 50% below the peer median.
Overall, Old Reynella suits people prioritising daily services and open space over school access.
Generated from the official metrics on this page. It can omit nuance or contain errors — check the tables and source notes before relying on it.
Strengths and weaknesses
Middle-ring metropolitan suburb · compared with middle-ring metropolitan suburbs in South Australia (106)
Strengths
Shops and everyday services are easier to access than in most comparable places
Open-space access is better than in most comparable places
Green cover is stronger than in comparable places
Weaknesses
School access is sparse
Median rents are a relative weakness
What stands out
Heritage listings
Who it suits
Stars are audience-fit ratings derived from Suburb.Guide data, not demographic counts or user reviews.
Families★★★☆☆
Professionals★★★☆☆
Retirees★★☆☆☆
Students★★★☆☆
Budget buyers★★★☆☆
Housing, growth and risk
How Old Reynella compares
A quick read of housing, growth, livability, and risk
Median house price
$745k
-9.8% change
Median rent
$650/wk
Population (ERP)
3,633
+0.9% annual growth
Dwelling vacancy
4.1%
Census unoccupied dwellings
Livability profile
Desirability pillars vs the peer median (50th percentile)
How it compares
Relative standing using percentiles, ranks, and national deciles
Desirability
#23
among Metro Adelaide · Established
Crime rate
70th
percentile in state (higher = more crime)
Pop. growth
70th
percentile in SA
Rented dwellings
21%
2021 Census tenure
Advantage (IRSAD)
4/10
national SEIFA decile
School ICSEA
49th
percentile among schools with ICSEA
Population growth
Recent ERP change over 1 and 5 years
Housing mix
Dwelling types from the 2021 Census
Risks & flags
Quick scan — open a section below for full context
Living here
Desirability
Ranks & confidence
Desirability score
53.5/100 — Average
State standing
Top 12% of South Australia's suburbs
National rank
1363rd in Australia
State rank
83rd in SA
Peer rank
#23 among Metro Adelaide · Established suburbs
Cohort rank
#61 among Metro Adelaide suburbs
Data confidence
100%
Data sources & freshness
Suburb Guide desirability index — Suburb Guide (derived) · current · Updated
Housing
Houses (01/01/26 to 31/03/26)
$650
Rental bonds lodged (01/01/26 to 31/03/26)
15
Median house price (Q1 2026)
$745,000
Median price change
-9.8%
Median weekly rent from SA Housing Authority rental bond data. Figures can be unreliable where few bonds were lodged in the quarter.
Median house sale prices cover metropolitan Adelaide and selected fringe councils (19 LGAs, including Adelaide Hills and Gawler), not all of regional South Australia.
Household crowding and healthy vacancy — not cheapness Modest price change as a healthy-growth band
Data sources & freshness
SA rent report & metro median house sales — Government of South Australia · 1 January - 31 March 2026; 1Q 2026 · Updated · Quarterly; metro-fringe sales only
Population
Estimated resident population
3,633(June 2025)
+0.9% annual · +4.9% over 5 years · 70th percentile in SA
Growth figures & methodology
Annual growth
+0.9%
5-year growth
+4.9%
Change in 1 year
+32
Change in 5 years
+171
Growth rank in SA
70th percentile
ABS Estimated Resident Population allocated to this suburb from SA2-level data. Not an official ABS suburb count.
Methodology
Figures are allocated from ABS Estimated Resident Population at Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2), using 2021 Census share within overlapping SA2 regions. Where Census data is unavailable, area overlap is used instead.
The dashed chart line is a simple growth-trend estimate to June 2030 (~3,750), extrapolated at +0.6% average annual growth since 2011. It is illustrative only — not an official ABS forecast.
2021 Census figures
2021 Census
Population
3,458
Median age
42
Median household income / week
$1,387
Dwelling vacancy
4.1%
Unoccupied private dwellings
59 of 1,442
Median monthly mortgage
$1,441
Median weekly rent (2021 Census)
$330
Tenure (owned / mortgaged / rented)
34% / 45.2% / 20.8%
Employment rate
57.6%
Travel to work (WFH / public transport / car)
7.4% / 3.7% / 70.8%
Walked or cycled to work
1.4%
Dwelling mix (houses / semi / flats)
1,187 / 193 / 0
Contributes to desirability score · Community (12%) · Accessibility (12%) · Future Growth (6%)
Employment, household income and owned-outright tenure (2021 Census) Work-from-home and public-transport commute shares (2021 Census) Five-year population change as a healthy-growth band, not a boom bonus
Data sources & freshness
2021 Census — General Community Profile (including method of travel to work and educational attainment) — Australian Bureau of Statistics · Updated
The 2026 Census was conducted in August 2026; suburb-level updates are expected from mid-2027.
15.2% of adults have a university degree, compared with 22.6% across South Australia. 22.4% have a trade or vocational qualification.
University qualified15.2% · 22.6% SA
Diploma qualified8.9% · 8.6% SA
Trade / vocational22.4% · 17.5% SA
Year 12 or below53.6% · 51.2% SA
Highest qualification field
Main field of the highest non-school qualification (2021 Census).
Engineering and related technologies20.4%
Management and commerce19.6%
Society and culture15.8%
Health14.4%
Education8.1%
Food, hospitality and personal services6.7%
How these groups are defined
Measure
Definition
University qualified
Bachelor degree or higher
Diploma qualified
Advanced Diploma / Diploma
Trade / vocational
Certificate III + IV
Year 12
Year 12 as highest attainment
Below Year 12
Year 11 / 10 / 9 or below
People aged 15 years and over, 2021 Census. University, diploma and trade shares match ABS highest educational attainment (HEAP). Year 12 and below Year 12 are combined in the chart because the General Community Profile reports school-only attainment as a residual.
Contributes to desirability score · Community (12%)
University qualifications from the 2021 Census
Data sources & freshness
2021 Census — General Community Profile (including method of travel to work and educational attainment) — Australian Bureau of Statistics · Updated
The 2026 Census was conducted in August 2026; suburb-level updates are expected from mid-2027.
Tax & income
Median taxable income (2023–24)
$56,650
61st percentile in SA · -4% vs Australia
Median salary / wages (2023–24)
$61,561
65th percentile in SA · -5% vs Australia
Residents with rental investments
7.0%
6th percentile in SA · -49% vs Australia
Median super balance (2023–24)
$77,701
50th percentile in SA · +23% vs Australia
Residents with business income
9.0%
36th percentile in SA · -13% vs Australia
Australian Taxation Office Taxation Statistics 2023–24, individuals Table 25. Figures describe taxpayers who live in postcode 5161 — not a suburb-level official statistic. Rental investment is the share of local taxpayers reporting rental income or loss, not the share of local properties owned by investors.
Counts, net rent & state comparison
Taxpayers in this postcode
6,240
Taxpayers reporting net rent
465
Median net rent
$50
Taxpayers reporting business income
560
Taxable income vs state median
+4%
Salary / wages vs state median
+7%
Rental investment vs state median
-42%
Super vs state median
0%
Business income vs state median
-18%
Percentiles rank this postcode among unique postcodes in SA, so suburbs that share a postcode are not counted twice. Dollar figures are compared with Australia-wide ATO medians from the same release. Median net rent is among taxpayers who reported the rent label and can be negative.
Data sources & freshness
Taxation Statistics 2023–24 — individuals by postcode (Table 25) — Australian Taxation Office · Updated · Annual release; taxpayer residential postcode, not suburb boundary
Community & culture
9.1% speak a language other than English at home; 23.1% born overseas
Language at home
3,055 English only · 304 other
Non-English at home
9.1%
Born overseas
776 (23.1%)
Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander
36 (1%)
Australian citizens
3,162
Languages spoken at home (other than English)
17
Top languages other than English
Share of residents who speak a language other than English at home (2021 Census).
Mandarin17 · 14.7%
Malayalam13 · 11.2%
Polish13 · 11.2%
German9 · 7.8%
Persian8 · 6.9%
Filipino7 · 6%
Tagalog7 · 6%
Thai7 · 6%
Religion
54.1%No religion
No religion is the most common response at 54.1%, while Christianity accounts for 38%.
Measure
Suburb
State
No religion
54.1%
45.2%
Christianity
38%
40%
Other / not stated
7.8%
14.7%
Christian denominations
Denomination
Suburb
State
Catholic
12.2%
15.5%
Anglican
8.7%
7.2%
Uniting Church
5.5%
4.8%
Christian (not further defined)
3.7%
2.6%
2021 Census — languages spoken at home, birthplace, Indigenous status, and religious affiliation (usual residence). Religion is optional on the Census form.
Data sources & freshness
2021 Census — General Community Profile (including method of travel to work and educational attainment) — Australian Bureau of Statistics · Updated
The 2026 Census was conducted in August 2026; suburb-level updates are expected from mid-2027.
Crime & safety
Reported offences increased compared with the previous period.
Offence counts & rates
Total offences (2025–26)
207
Against the person
32
Against property
175
Rate per 1,000 residents
57
Person-crime prevalence
About 1 in 108 residents
State crime-rate percentile
69.6th (higher = more crime)
Family & domestic abuse offences
83
Increase (daily rate)
+2.5%
Recorded road crashes (in suburb)
110
Crash rate per 1,000 residents (state rank)
30.28
Most common offence types
Damage Or Destroy Property30
Obtain Benefit By Deception15
Serious Assault17
Theft From A Person14
Theft From Retail Premises90
Contributes to desirability score · Safety (22%)
Crime rate, offences against the person, year-on-year trend and recorded road crash rates
Reynella Primary SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 1001 · 47th percentile · LBOTE 7% · 430 students · Top SEA quarter 8% · 0.5 km awayView on My School →
Prescott College SouthernCombined · Independent · ICSEA 1036 · 62th percentile · LBOTE 25% · 707 students · Top SEA quarter 15% · 0.9 km awayView on My School →
Sunrise Christian School Morphett ValePrimary · Independent · ICSEA 1068 · 75th percentile · LBOTE 16% · 151 students · Top SEA quarter 26% · 1.0 km awayView on My School →
Reynella East CollegeCombined · Government · ICSEA 988 · 41th percentile · LBOTE 7% · 1,938 students · Top SEA quarter 6% · 1.5 km awayView on My School →
Reynella South Primary SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 969 · 33th percentile · LBOTE 10% · 150 students · Top SEA quarter 4% · 1.6 km awayView on My School →
Southern Vales Christian CollegeCombined · Independent · ICSEA 1038 · 63th percentile · LBOTE 5% · 503 students · Top SEA quarter 18% · 1.7 km awayView on My School →
Woodcroft Primary SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 1004 · 49th percentile · LBOTE 18% · 454 students · Top SEA quarter 9% · 1.7 km awayView on My School →
Emmaus Catholic SchoolPrimary · Catholic · ICSEA 1005 · 49th percentile · LBOTE 7% · 373 students · Top SEA quarter 15% · 1.8 km awayView on My School →
Woodcroft CollegeCombined · Independent · ICSEA 1071 · 76th percentile · LBOTE 12% · 1,534 students · Top SEA quarter 28% · 1.9 km awayView on My School →
Contributes to desirability score · Education (14%)
Median school ICSEA first, then school and catchment counts
Great for outdoor family life — 11 parks mapped in suburb, 5 playgrounds nearby
Well connected by public transport — 39 public transport stops
Strong local sport and recreation — 41 sport and outdoor facilities nearby
Walkability proxy
94/100
Cafés per 1,000 residents
0.29
Food & drink per 1,000 residents
3.47
Parks per 1,000 residents
3.18
Food & drink(12)
EsculentCafe
195 Old South Road
Domino'sFast food
Unit Shop 7 70 Main South Road
OportoFast food
Pimpala Fish 'n' GrillFast food
ZambreroFast food
70 Main South Road
Crown InnPub
Fasta PastaRestaurant
70 Main South Road
Mr India RestaurantRestaurant
Pasta Chef ReynellaRestaurant
Restaurant
The Cheesecake ShopRestaurant
94 Main South Road
Yum Sing RestaurantRestaurant
Shopping(6)
Liquor LadsBottle shop
OTRConvenience store
133 - 135 Old South Road, Old Reynella
Bunnings WarehouseHardware store
Old Reynella Shopping CentreShopping centre
FoodlandSupermarket
Everyday services(2)
Shiny Bright's LaundryLaundry
OTR Old ReynellaPetrol station
133 - 135 Old South Road, Old Reynella
Community(6)
Goodstart Early Learning - Old ReynellaChildcare
Reynella Community Children's CentreChildcare
Reynella Enterprise & Youth CentreCommunity centre
Reynella Model Railway ClubCommunity centre
Reynella Primary SchoolSchool
55-63 Concord Drive
Reynella Community CentreTownhall
Health & services(3)
Reynella Family CareMedical clinic
216 Old South Road
Old Reynella Discount PharmacyPharmacy
Old Reynella Veterinary Clinic - Hazel CableVeterinary
Sport & outdoors(58)
Coast to Vines Rail TrailCycling route
Field River Linear TrailCycling route
Ocean to Vines Rail TrailCycling route
Patrick Jonker VelowayCycling route
Drinking water
Pumpt GymGym
257 Old South Road
Park (10)
Pimpala ReservePark
Playground (5)
Public toilets
Reynella Mini RampSports field
Reynella OvalSports field
Sports field
Swimming pool (32)
Wineries & breweries(1)
St Francis WineryWinery
14 Bridge Street
Transport(39)
39 bus stops
Other(23)
Horse Changing StationAttraction
Old Reynella InterchangeBus Station
Car
Reynella SubaruCar
Wayne Phillis KiaCar
86 Main South Road
Old Reynella Auto Body RepairsCar repair
Happywash ReynellaCar wash
Discount Lounge CentreFurniture
Garden
Big Buy ReynellaGarden Centre
Old Reynella Park 'n' RideParking
Parking (42)
Southern Stock Foods PTY Ltd.Pet
Edge ChurchPlace of worship
Australia PostPost Box
Post Box
Reynella RecyclingRecycling
Shelter (3)
M.C. Noble Building DesignersSports
Telephone
opz Shopz ReynellaYes
Reynella Creative CraftsYes
Yes
Names and addresses from OpenStreetMap. Unnamed venues show as their type (e.g. Cafe). Transport stops are summarised by type rather than listed individually. Campgrounds, beaches, wineries and local trails are included when they sit inside the suburb boundary.
Contributes to desirability score · Lifestyle (12%)
Food, shopping, recreation and sport per 1,000 residents (OpenStreetMap)
Data sources & freshness
Local amenity insights — Suburb Guide (derived) · current · Updated
Named sporting clubs from OpenStreetMap and the SA Sports Vouchers venue list, assigned to this suburb's boundary. Sporting facilities such as ovals, courts and recreation centres are listed under Amenities.
Green cover is the share of this suburb's boundary overlapping OpenStreetMap parks, woodland and forest polygons — not a satellite tree-canopy product. Summer maximum is the WorldClim / Open-Meteo seasonal normal already collected for Weather.
Contributes to desirability score · Environment (12%)
Tree canopy first, then green-cover area and parks per 1,000
Data sources & freshness
OpenStreetMap green cover and tree canopy — OpenStreetMap contributors · current · Updated · Park/woodland polygons intersected with suburb boundaries
Places of worship
1 places of worship within ~1.5 km
Edge Church
From OpenStreetMap within ~1.5 km of the suburb centre.
Active NDIS participants allocated from NDIA Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2, ASGS 2016) counts to this suburb boundary. Not an official suburb-level NDIS figure · as at 31 March 2026.
For NDIS spend and service-demand exploration by SA2 or postcode, see the Care Sector Demand Map.
Typical conditions by season for suburbs in the same ~44 km climate area. Rainfall totals are summed from monthly WorldClim layers; rainy-day counts are approximate.
Summer (Dec–Feb)
Usual max / min
27° / 16°
Rainfall
49 mm · ~6 rainy days
Autumn (Mar–May)
Usual max / min
22° / 13°
Rainfall
94 mm · ~12 rainy days
Winter (Jun–Aug)
Usual max / min
16° / 8°
Rainfall
161 mm · ~20 rainy days
Spring (Sep–Nov)
Usual max / min
21° / 11°
Rainfall
95 mm · ~12 rainy days
Contributes to desirability score · Lifestyle (12%)
Development applications from PlanSA register and EPA licensed activities.
2026· 52 proposals
September 2026
Verandah
4 HASELGROVE BVD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Verandah
UNIT 5 10 SAUVIGNON WAY OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Verandah
26 BURGOYNE DR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Carport and Attached verandah.
13 SIMS CT OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Verandah
26 KEANE CT OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Verandah
LOT 417 BANKSIDE DR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Verandah
49 MUSCATEL CCT OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Installation of swimming pool and safety barriers
21 WHITTAKER AV OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
The Original Pancake Kitchen – Old Reynella Tenancy Fitout
2 -8 MAIN SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
August 2026
Outbuilding (Domestic storage shed)
41 PIMPALA RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Illuminated advertisement (to west), Garaport, studio and verandah in associated with retrospective approval for Advertisement (to east) and carport
76 MAIN SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161;LOT 60 MAIN SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Attached verandah (partially enclosed).
38 -44 PANALATINGA RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
July 2026
Alteration and addition to the existing dwelling.
3 PHOENIX CR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Advertisement (pylon signage)
LOT 1 MAIN SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Attached verandah
LOT 401 BANKSIDE DR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Attached verandah - Vergola Roofing System
27 WINHAM AV OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Outbuilding - shed.
15 MUSCATEL CCT OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Swimming pool and associated pool safety barrier and deck, and retrospective application for retaining walls and fencing.
LOT 423 BANKSIDE DR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Outbuilding (Shed)
5 ROUSILLION PROM OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
June 2026
2 new back to back digital signs mounted on existing signage pylon
2 -8 MAIN SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Single storey detached dwelling (Lot 614 PEEL CREEK DRIVE)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Dwelling addition including extension of living room and addition of bedrooms, deck, carport and verandah.
9 BURGOYNE DR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Verandah with screen
13 SAUVIGNON WAY OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Single storey detached dwelling, retaining wall and fencing (Lot 601 Peel Creek Drive)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
May 2026
Single Storey detached dwelling
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Single storey detached dwelling
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Partial demolition to remove the redundant bottling hall area to allow emergency vehicle access to the existing warehouse (Retrospective)
38 -44 PANALATINGA RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Single storey detached dwelling (Lot 616 Pioneer Creek)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Single Storey Detached Dwelling (Lot 629)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Single storey detached dwelling with associated fences and wall.
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Spa pool and fencing with associated verandah
3 SIEGERSDORF CR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Single storey detached dwelling, fences and retaining walls (Lot 617 Pioneer court)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Verandah Replacement
UNIT 1-65 13 WALNUT ST OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Single storey detached dwelling, fences and retaining walls (Lot 625 PEEL CREEK DRIVE)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
single storey detached dwelling with associated retaining walls up to 750mm in height (Lot 609)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Single storey detached dwelling, fences and retaining walls (Lot 624 Peel Creek Drive)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Alterations and additions to an existing warehouse, including building extension to accommodate offices, water tanks associated with fire upgrade and the removal of 5 regulated trees. Stage 1 - tree removal and construction of water tanks. Stage 2 - office extension.
38 -44 PANALATINGA RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
April 2026
Single storey detached dwelling (Lot 613 PEEL CREEK DRIVE)
LOT 1001 REYNELL RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Verandah
44 CONCORD DR OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Carport
LOT 1 MAIN SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
2025· 5 proposals
December 2025
Verandah
13 SINCLAIR CT OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
Land Division (2 into 3) Conventional
10A WALNUT ST OLD REYNELLA SA 5161;10B WALNUT ST OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Decision Made
November 2025
Partial change of use to existing place of worship to include an early learning centre, upgrade to existing playground, addition of balcony to first floor, new signage to front facade and facade upgrade to include new doors and windows.
253 -255 OLD SOUTH RD OLD REYNELLA SA 5161Under Assessment
Bushfire overlay checked at suburb centroid against all current SA Planning risk layers (high, medium, general, urban interface, regional, outback). Flood cover is the share of the suburb boundary overlapping current SA Planning flood overlays (flooding and evidence required). Safer places from CFS designated locations.
Estimated from 8 nearby ordinary polling places (up to 2.6 km away).
Coalition 27.1%Labor 72.9%
2.1 percentage points more Labor-leaning than the electorate
Estimated swing since 2022: +3.7 pp toward Labor
Nearest polling places
ReynellaLabor 72.0% · Coalition 28.1% TPP (2025)0.9 km away
Reynella EastLabor 75.2% · Coalition 24.8% TPP (2025)1.4 km away
Sheidow Park SouthLabor 72.6% · Coalition 27.4% TPP (2025)1.7 km away
WoodcroftLabor 71.7% · Coalition 28.3% TPP (2025)1.8 km away
Happy Valley WestLabor 73.3% · Coalition 26.7% TPP (2025)1.9 km away
Federal electorate from AEC federal division boundaries (2025 redistribution). Division-level results are official AEC figures from the latest general election, with by-election updates where applicable. The estimated suburb profile blends up to eight nearest ordinary polling booths in the same electorate using inverse-distance weighting from the suburb centroid — an approximation, not official AEC data. Nearest polling places are shown for reference.
ABS Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), 2021 release — the latest available, derived from the 2021 Census. Deciles rank suburbs nationally from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest).
What do IRSAD and IRSD measure?
IRSAD — Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage. Combines indicators of advantage (e.g. high income, skilled occupations) and disadvantage. Higher decile = more advantaged relative to other Australian areas.
IRSD — Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage. Focuses on disadvantage only (e.g. low income, unemployment, limited education). Higher decile = less disadvantage nationally.
A new SEIFA edition typically follows each census; the ABS has not announced a release date beyond 2021.
Contributes to desirability score · Community (12%)