Killara is a mixed commercial-residential suburb of Sydney, in Ku-ring-gai Council, with mainly dense residential and commercial development.
Reported crime is exceptionally low against comparable places, and recorded road-crash rates are lower than in comparable places, with recorded road crashes 44% below the peer median. Space is a strength, but car dependence is high. The main trade-offs are limited amenity for the price, limited school access and weaker employment, with school access 33% below the peer median.
Killara is a better fit for people who value lower crime more than amenity for the price.
Generated from the official metrics on this page. It can omit nuance or contain errors — check the tables and source notes before relying on it.
Strengths and weaknesses
Mixed commercial-residential suburb · compared with mixed commercial-residential suburbs in New South Wales (130)
Strengths
Reported crime is exceptionally low against comparable places
Recorded road-crash rates are lower than in comparable places
Weaknesses
Buyers pay a premium despite relatively limited amenity access
School access is relatively limited
Employment is a relative weakness
What stands out
Space is a strength, but car dependence is high
Who it suits
Stars are audience-fit ratings derived from Suburb.Guide data, not demographic counts or user reviews.
Families★★★☆☆
Professionals★★★☆☆
Retirees★★★☆☆
Students★☆☆☆☆
Budget buyers★☆☆☆☆
Housing, growth and risk
How Killara compares
A quick read of housing, growth, livability, and risk
Median house price
$3.95M
+16% change
Median rent
$930/wk
Houses $1,425 · Units $850
Population (ERP)
11,591
-0.0% annual growth
Dwelling vacancy
9.1%
Census unoccupied dwellings
Livability profile
Desirability pillars vs the peer median (50th percentile)
How it compares
Relative standing using percentiles, ranks, and national deciles
Desirability
#106
among Metro Sydney · Established
Crime rate
0th
percentile in state (higher = more crime)
Pop. growth
8th
percentile in NSW
Rented dwellings
26%
2021 Census tenure
Advantage (IRSAD)
10/10
national SEIFA decile
School ICSEA
97th
percentile among schools with ICSEA
Population growth
Recent ERP change over 1 and 5 years
Housing mix
Dwelling types from the 2021 Census
Risks & flags
Quick scan — open a section below for full context
Living here
Desirability
Ranks & confidence
Desirability score
58.0/100 — Good
State standing
Top 13% of New South Wales' suburbs
National rank
718th in Australia
State rank
277th in NSW
Peer rank
#106 among Metro Sydney · Established suburbs
Cohort rank
#208 among Metro Sydney suburbs
Data confidence
100%
Data sources & freshness
Suburb Guide desirability index — Suburb Guide (derived) · current · Updated
Housing
Flats / units (January to March 2026)
$850
Houses (January to March 2026)
$1,425
All types (January to March 2026)
$930
Rental bonds lodged (January to March 2026)
93
Median house price (October to December 2025)
$3,950,000
Median price change
+16.2%
Median weekly rent from NSW DCJ rent tables. Figures can be unreliable where few bonds were lodged in the quarter.
-0.0% annual · +3.3% over 5 years · 8th percentile in NSW
Growth figures & methodology
Annual growth
-0.0%
5-year growth
+3.3%
Change in 1 year
-5
Change in 5 years
+371
Growth rank in NSW
8th percentile
ABS Estimated Resident Population allocated to this suburb from SA2-level data. Not an official ABS suburb count.
Methodology
Figures are allocated from ABS Estimated Resident Population at Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2), using 2021 Census share within overlapping SA2 regions. Where Census data is unavailable, area overlap is used instead.
The dashed chart line is a simple growth-trend estimate to June 2030 (~12,400), extrapolated at +1.4% average annual growth since 2011. It is illustrative only — not an official ABS forecast.
2021 Census figures
2021 Census
Population
10,620
Median age
42
Median household income / week
$2,802
Dwelling vacancy
9.1%
Unoccupied private dwellings
370 of 4,067
Median monthly mortgage
$3,300
Median weekly rent (2021 Census)
$620
Tenure (owned / mortgaged / rented)
40.6% / 33.2% / 26.2%
Employment rate
56.8%
Travel to work (WFH / public transport / car)
54.6% / 3.3% / 27%
Walked or cycled to work
1.2%
Dwelling mix (houses / semi / flats)
2,020 / 105 / 1,575
Contributes to desirability score · Community (12%) · Accessibility (12%) · Future Growth (6%)
Employment, household income and owned-outright tenure (2021 Census) Work-from-home and public-transport commute shares (2021 Census) Five-year population change as a healthy-growth band, not a boom bonus
Data sources & freshness
2021 Census — General Community Profile (including method of travel to work and educational attainment) — Australian Bureau of Statistics · Updated
The 2026 Census was conducted in August 2026; suburb-level updates are expected from mid-2027.
55.4% of adults have a university degree, compared with 27.8% across New South Wales. 3.6% have a trade or vocational qualification.
University qualified55.4% · 27.8% NSW
Diploma qualified9% · 9.3% NSW
Trade / vocational3.6% · 15% NSW
Year 12 or below32% · 47.9% NSW
Highest qualification field
Main field of the highest non-school qualification (2021 Census).
Management and commerce34.6%
Society and culture15.4%
Health12.7%
Engineering and related technologies9.3%
Education6.6%
Information technology5.9%
How these groups are defined
Measure
Definition
University qualified
Bachelor degree or higher
Diploma qualified
Advanced Diploma / Diploma
Trade / vocational
Certificate III + IV
Year 12
Year 12 as highest attainment
Below Year 12
Year 11 / 10 / 9 or below
People aged 15 years and over, 2021 Census. University, diploma and trade shares match ABS highest educational attainment (HEAP). Year 12 and below Year 12 are combined in the chart because the General Community Profile reports school-only attainment as a residual.
Contributes to desirability score · Community (12%)
University qualifications from the 2021 Census
Data sources & freshness
2021 Census — General Community Profile (including method of travel to work and educational attainment) — Australian Bureau of Statistics · Updated
The 2026 Census was conducted in August 2026; suburb-level updates are expected from mid-2027.
Tax & income
Median taxable income (2023–24)
$65,536
78th percentile in NSW · +12% vs Australia
Median salary / wages (2023–24)
$76,187
84th percentile in NSW · +17% vs Australia
Residents with rental investments
31.0%
99th percentile in NSW · +125% vs Australia
Median super balance (2023–24)
$106,613
84th percentile in NSW · +68% vs Australia
Residents with business income
9.0%
20th percentile in NSW · -13% vs Australia
Australian Taxation Office Taxation Statistics 2023–24, individuals Table 25. Figures describe taxpayers who live in postcode 2071 — not a suburb-level official statistic. Rental investment is the share of local taxpayers reporting rental income or loss, not the share of local properties owned by investors.
Counts, net rent & state comparison
Taxpayers in this postcode
9,419
Taxpayers reporting net rent
2,888
Median net rent
-$805
Taxpayers reporting business income
864
Taxable income vs state median
+17%
Salary / wages vs state median
+21%
Rental investment vs state median
+121%
Super vs state median
+51%
Business income vs state median
-10%
Percentiles rank this postcode among unique postcodes in NSW, so suburbs that share a postcode are not counted twice. Dollar figures are compared with Australia-wide ATO medians from the same release. Median net rent is among taxpayers who reported the rent label and can be negative.
Data sources & freshness
Taxation Statistics 2023–24 — individuals by postcode (Table 25) — Australian Taxation Office · Updated · Annual release; taxpayer residential postcode, not suburb boundary
Community & culture
42.1% speak a language other than English at home; 47.9% born overseas
Language at home
5,959 English only · 4,325 other
Non-English at home
42.1%
Born overseas
4,944 (47.9%)
Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander
16 (0.2%)
Australian citizens
8,615
Languages spoken at home (other than English)
33
Top languages other than English
Share of residents who speak a language other than English at home (2021 Census).
Mandarin824 · 43.3%
Cantonese388 · 20.4%
Korean173 · 9.1%
Hindi60 · 3.2%
Persian50 · 2.6%
Spanish45 · 2.4%
Japanese39 · 2%
Russian31 · 1.6%
Religion
43.4%No religion
No religion is the most common response at 43.4%, while Christianity accounts for 40.7%.
Measure
Suburb
State
No religion
43.4%
32.8%
Christianity
40.7%
47.6%
Hinduism
2.8%
3.4%
Buddhism
3.9%
2.8%
Other / not stated
9.2%
13.5%
Christian denominations
Denomination
Suburb
State
Catholic
15.4%
22.4%
Anglican
12.5%
11.9%
Uniting Church
3.7%
2.1%
Presbyterian and Reformed
2.8%
1.9%
2021 Census — languages spoken at home, birthplace, Indigenous status, and religious affiliation (usual residence). Religion is optional on the Census form.
Data sources & freshness
2021 Census — General Community Profile (including method of travel to work and educational attainment) — Australian Bureau of Statistics · Updated
The 2026 Census was conducted in August 2026; suburb-level updates are expected from mid-2027.
Crime & safety
Offence counts are estimated for this suburb from postcode 2071, which is shared with other suburbs.
Reported offences increased compared with the previous period.
Offence counts & rates
Total offences (Jan 2025 to Dec 2025)
145
Against the person
49
Against property
63
Rate per 1,000 residents
12.5
Person-crime prevalence
About 1 in 217 residents
State crime-rate percentile
0.3th (higher = more crime)
Increase (daily rate)
+3.9%
Recorded road crashes (in suburb)
60
Crash rate per 1,000 residents (state rank)
5.18
Most common offence types
Domestic Violence Related Assault13
Fraud20
Intimidation, Stalking And Harassment10
Malicious Damage To Property11
Non-Domestic Violence Related Assault13
Contributes to desirability score · Safety (22%)
Crime rate, offences against the person, year-on-year trend and recorded road crash rates
BOCSAR postcode crime statistics — NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research · Jan 2024 to Dec 2024 → Jan 2025 to Dec 2025; Jan 2025 to Dec 2025 · Updated · Rolling 12-month windows
Family & Lifestyle
Schools & preschools
Schools within 2 km
9
Median school ICSEA (8 schools)
1,163
Median ICSEA percentile
97th
Primary catchments overlapping suburb
8
Secondary catchments overlapping suburb
4
School list
Killara Public SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 1148 · 95th percentile · LBOTE 74% · 273 students · Top SEA quarter 60% · 0.9 km awayView on My School →
Ravenswood School for GirlsCombined · Independent · ICSEA 1185 · 99th percentile · LBOTE 51% · 1,451 students · Top SEA quarter 75% · 0.9 km awayView on My School →
Highfields Preparatory and Kindergarten SchoolPrimary · Independent · ICSEA 1164 · 97th percentile · LBOTE 74% · 98 students · Top SEA quarter 67% · 1.0 km awayView on My School →
Holy Family Catholic Primary SchoolPrimary · Catholic · ICSEA 1168 · 98th percentile · LBOTE 64% · 259 students · Top SEA quarter 72% · 1.0 km awayView on My School →
Beaumont Road Public SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 1164 · 97th percentile · LBOTE 61% · 310 students · Top SEA quarter 67% · 1.2 km awayView on My School →
Lindfield Montessori PreschoolPrimary · Independent · LBOTE 67% · 3 students · 1.4 km awayView on My School →
Cromehurst SchoolSpecial · Government · ICSEA 1098 · 84th percentile · LBOTE 60% · 60 students · Top SEA quarter 40% · 1.5 km awayView on My School →
Lindfield Public SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 1162 · 97th percentile · LBOTE 67% · 584 students · Top SEA quarter 64% · 1.8 km awayView on My School →
Gordon West Public SchoolPrimary · Government · ICSEA 1150 · 95th percentile · LBOTE 75% · 424 students · Top SEA quarter 61% · 1.9 km awayView on My School →
School catchments
Beaumont Rd PSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Gordon EPSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Gordon WPSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Hunters Hill HSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundarysecondary_catchment
Killara HSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundarysecondary_catchment
Killara PSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Lindfield EPSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Lindfield LVGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundarysecondary_catchment
Lindfield PSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Nth Ryde PSGovernment school catchment overlapping this suburb boundaryprimary_catchment
Government school intake zones that overlap this suburb boundary. Living in a catchment does not guarantee enrolment; check the education authority.
Contributes to desirability score · Education (14%)
Median school ICSEA first, then school and catchment counts
Data sources & freshness
NSW government school intake zones — NSW Department of Education · current · Updated · Open catchment polygons where published
2 cafes · 1 pubs · 1 libraries · 2 places of worship · 3 playgrounds · 1 sports centres · 1 petrol stations · 1 post offices
Local character & venue list
Local character
A car helps for daily needs
Great for outdoor family life — 13 parks mapped in suburb, 3 playgrounds nearby
Well connected by public transport — 126 public transport stops
Walkability proxy
36/100
Cafés per 1,000 residents
0.19
Food & drink per 1,000 residents
0.28
Parks per 1,000 residents
1.22
Food & drink(3)
Don Don CoffeeCafe
23a Werona Avenue
Marian Street CafeCafe
Greengate HotelPub
655A Pacific Highway
Everyday services(2)
7-Eleven KillaraPetrol station
496 Pacific Highway
Killara Post OfficePost office
Marian Street
Community(4)
Childcare
Beaumont Road Public School libraryLibrary
Beaumont Road Public SchoolSchool
17 Beaumont Road, Killara
Killara Public SchoolSchool
Sport & outdoors(24)
BBQ (2)
Epping RoadCycling route
Gordon - ChatswoodCycling route
Lane Cover River National Park road routeCycling route
Drinking water (2)
Abbotsholme GlenPark
Green Gate ParkPark
Honeysuckle Creek ReservePark
Jinkers GreenPark
Park (2)
Quarry Mason's ForestPark
Selkirk ParkPark
Playground (3)
Public toilets
Inspire TennisSports centre
8 Arnold Street, Killara
Netball CourtSports field
Sports field
Blackbutt Creek TrackWalking trail
Two Creeks TrackWalking trail
Places to stay(1)
Killara Hotel & SuitesHotel
480 Pacific Highway, Killara
Entertainment(1)
Marian Street TheatreTheatre
2 Marian Street
Transport(26)
25 bus stops · 1 train stations
Other(24)
Bench (2)
Bicycle Parking (2)
Killara GarageCar repair
UltraTuneCar repair
The Crewel GobelinCraft
9 Marian Street, Killara
Swain GardensGarden
National Trust Killara ShopGift
15 Marian Street, Killara
Motorcycle Parking
Culworth Avenue Car ParkParking
Killara Bowling ClubParking
Parking
Parking Entrance
Killara Uniting ChurchPlace of worship
St Martins KillaraPlace of worship
Australia PostPost Box
Public Bookcase
Recycling
Shelter (4)
Telephone
TelstraTelephone
Telstra Telephone ExchangeTelephone Exchange
Ticket Validator
Transport for NSWTicket Validator
Waste Basket (2)
Names and addresses from OpenStreetMap. Unnamed venues show as their type (e.g. Cafe). Transport stops are summarised by type rather than listed individually. Campgrounds, beaches, wineries and local trails are included when they sit inside the suburb boundary.
Contributes to desirability score · Lifestyle (12%)
Food, shopping, recreation and sport per 1,000 residents (OpenStreetMap)
Data sources & freshness
Local amenity insights — Suburb Guide (derived) · current · Updated
Named sporting clubs from OpenStreetMap, assigned to this suburb's boundary. Sporting facilities such as ovals, courts and recreation centres are listed under Amenities.
Green cover is the share of this suburb's boundary overlapping OpenStreetMap parks, woodland and forest polygons — not a satellite tree-canopy product. Summer maximum is the WorldClim / Open-Meteo seasonal normal already collected for Weather.
Contributes to desirability score · Environment (12%)
Tree canopy first, then green-cover area and parks per 1,000
Data sources & freshness
OpenStreetMap green cover and tree canopy — OpenStreetMap contributors · current · Updated · Park/woodland polygons intersected with suburb boundaries
Places of worship
2 places of worship within ~1.5 km
Killara Uniting Church
St Martins Killara
From OpenStreetMap within ~1.5 km of the suburb centre.
Active NDIS participants allocated from NDIA Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2, ASGS 2016) counts to this suburb boundary. Not an official suburb-level NDIS figure · as at 31 March 2026.
For NDIS spend and service-demand exploration by SA2 or postcode, see the Care Sector Demand Map.
Typical conditions by season for suburbs in the same ~44 km climate area. Rainfall totals are summed from monthly WorldClim layers; rainy-day counts are approximate.
Summer (Dec–Feb)
Usual max / min
25° / 17°
Rainfall
321 mm · ~40 rainy days
Autumn (Mar–May)
Usual max / min
22° / 14°
Rainfall
359 mm · ~45 rainy days
Winter (Jun–Aug)
Usual max / min
17° / 8°
Rainfall
263 mm · ~33 rainy days
Spring (Sep–Nov)
Usual max / min
21° / 12°
Rainfall
242 mm · ~30 rainy days
Contributes to desirability score · Lifestyle (12%)
Demolition; Dwelling house; Erection of a new structure; Swimming pool; Residential Accommodation
5 NORTHCOTE AVENUE KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Minor building alterations (internal); Minor building alterations (external)
19 STANHOPE ROAD KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Balcony, deck, patio, terrace or verandah
1 DE BURGH ROAD KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
Residential flat building; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
56 STANHOPE ROAD KILLARA 2071Additional Information Requested
August 2026
Dual occupancy; Demolition; Erection of a new structure; Dual occupancy (detached)
A5 MANNING ROAD KILLARAUnder Assessment
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
30 ALBERT DRIVE KILLARA 2071Additional Information Requested
Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Electricity generating facility (solar and wind)
8 ARNOLD STREET KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
75 ARNOLD STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
Subdivision; Erection of a new structure; Dual occupancy (attached)
16 SPENCER ROAD KILLARA 2071Additional Information Requested
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
26 BOWES AVENUE KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
July 2026
Demolition; Dwelling house; Erection of a new structure
14 CLARKE PLACE KILLARA 2071Determined
Erection of a new structure; Carport; Stairway
59 STANHOPE ROAD KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
Dwelling house; Erection of a new structure
20 TERRACE ROAD KILLARA 2071Determined
June 2026
Demolition; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Residential Accommodation
10-10A LOCKSLEY STREET KILLARA 2071Under Assessment
Demolition; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Erection of a new structure; Recreation facility (outdoor)
556 PACIFIC HIGHWAY KILLARA 2071Additional Information Requested
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
6 MAYTONE AVENUE KILLARA 2071Determined
Demolition
2 MARIAN STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
53A STANHOPE ROAD KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
32 POWELL STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
May 2026
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
106 SPENCER ROAD KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
34 CHARLES STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Balcony, deck, patio, terrace or verandah; Minor building alterations (internal); Minor building alterations (external)
54 LADY GAME DRIVE KILLARA 2071Determined
April 2026
Demolition; Dwelling house; Erection of a new structure
1 NYORA STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Residential Accommodation
2 BANYULA PLACE KILLARA 2071Determined
March 2026
Erection of a new structure; Cabanas, cubby houses, ferneries, garden sheds, gazebos and greenhouses; Supporting Development
9 MAITLAND STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
Demolition; Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Swimming pool
3 NORFOLK STREET KILLARA 2071Deferred Commencement
Secondary dwelling; Demolition; Erection of a new structure; Residential Accommodation
7 MANNING ROAD KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
12 KARDELLA AVENUE KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Erection of a new structure
6 STANHOPE ROAD KILLARA 2071Determined
February 2026
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure; Garage, carport or carparking space; Swimming pool
15 ARTHUR STREET KILLARA 2071Determined
Demolition; Residential flat building; Erection of a new structure
2 KILLARA AVENUE KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
28 CALVERT AVENUE KILLARA 2071Determined
January 2026
Demolition; Dwelling house; Erection of a new structure
16 GLENEAGLES AVENUE KILLARA 2071Determined
Dwelling house; Alterations or additions to an existing building or structure
Harry and Penelope Seidler House13 Kalang Avenue KillaraSHR
Woodlands1 Werona Avenue KillaraSHR
Contributes to desirability score · Environment (12%)
Heritage listings as established streetscape
Data sources & freshness
State heritage register — State heritage authority · current · Updated
Hazards
Bushfire planning zone
No overlay at centroid
Flood / inundation overlay
No mapped inundation on suburb boundary
Bushfire overlay checked at suburb centroid via NSW bush fire prone land mapping. Flood cover uses NSW flood planning polygons against the suburb boundary.
Contributes to desirability score · Safety (22%)
Bushfire and flood hazard overlays
Data sources & freshness
Bushfire and flood planning overlays — State government hazard layers · current · Updated
Politics & representation
Federal electorate
Bradfield
Member of Parliament
Nicolette BOELE (Independent)
Results from
2025 federal election
Electorate enrolment (2025)
126,860
Turnout (2025)
93.7%
Swing since 2022 (2025)
+1.2 pp toward Labor
Two-party preferred (2025)
Coalition 55.0%Labor 45.0%
Estimated suburb voting profile
Estimated from 8 nearby ordinary polling places (up to 2.2 km away).
Coalition 51.5%Labor 48.5%
3.4 percentage points more Labor-leaning than the electorate
Estimated swing since 2022: +3.6 pp toward Labor
Nearest polling places
KillaraLabor 51.2% · Coalition 48.8% TPP (2025)0.9 km away
Lindfield WestLabor 45.3% · Coalition 54.7% TPP (2025)1.1 km away
Lindfield CentralLabor 47.2% · Coalition 52.8% TPP (2025)1.2 km away
LindfieldLabor 40.9% · Coalition 59.1% TPP (2025)1.6 km away
Lindfield NorthLabor 51.7% · Coalition 48.3% TPP (2025)1.7 km away
Federal electorate from AEC federal division boundaries (2025 redistribution). Division-level results are official AEC figures from the latest general election, with by-election updates where applicable. The estimated suburb profile blends up to eight nearest ordinary polling booths in the same electorate using inverse-distance weighting from the suburb centroid — an approximation, not official AEC data. Nearest polling places are shown for reference.
ABS Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), 2021 release — the latest available, derived from the 2021 Census. Deciles rank suburbs nationally from 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest).
What do IRSAD and IRSD measure?
IRSAD — Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage. Combines indicators of advantage (e.g. high income, skilled occupations) and disadvantage. Higher decile = more advantaged relative to other Australian areas.
IRSD — Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage. Focuses on disadvantage only (e.g. low income, unemployment, limited education). Higher decile = less disadvantage nationally.
A new SEIFA edition typically follows each census; the ABS has not announced a release date beyond 2021.
Contributes to desirability score · Community (12%)